John r a d i



J. RADDIN. OAR WHEEL.

Patented Apr. 14, 1868.

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guitar gums gaunt @ffire Letters Patent No. 76,811, dated April 14,1868.

IMPROVED GAR-WHEEL.

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TO ALL WHOM IT MAY CONCERN: 1

Be it known that I, JOHN RADDIN, of Lynn,-in the county of Essex, andState of Massachusetts, have invented an Improvement in Railway-Wheels;and I do hereby declare that the following, taken'in connection with thedrawings which accompany and form part of this specification, is adescription of my invention, suiticient to enable those skilled in theart to practise it.

My improvement relates particularly to the construction of locomotivedriver-wheels, though applicable to other. flanged metal wheels, theobject of the invention being to interposo between the hub and the treadand flange of the wheel, elastic material, so arranged as to support orcushion the locomotive at all times against elastic surfaces, to save itfrom the effects of jars, and also so disposed as'to cushion the wheellaterally as well as radially, the elastic bearings being so applied asnot to detract from the strength and safety of the wheel. I

My invention consists primarily in making the tire separate from thebody of the wheel, with an inwardlyprojecting flange on its sideopposite to the rail-flange, the body of the wheel setting into thistire, and having an elastic packing so disposed as to prevent contact ofthe side or felloe of the wheel with the adjacent surface of thetire-flange, and the opposite surface of the felloc also having aflange, projecting over the tire-face, from contact with which face itis kept by an elastic packing, the felloe and tire being connected byas'eries of cross-bolts, the belts being so applied as to provide forslight radial play of the wheel, they being for this purpose insertedthrough tubular elastic packing, and extending through holes ofgreaterdiameter than their own diameter, the periphery of the felloebeing also preferably provided with a series of sockets, in which areblocks, seated on elastic cushions, which blocks are pressed outwardlyby radial screw-bolts.

The drawings represent a wheel, embodying my improvement, A showing acentral cross-section, on the line at :z:; B, a section on the line 2e.'

a denotes the hub, b the spokes, and c the felloe, formed integrally ofmetal; dis the metal tire, having the usual rail-flange e. This tire isnot east or formed with or upon the felloc 0, but is a separate ringencompassing the felloc. On the surface, opposite the flange c, it has afiauge,f, projecting inwardly, as seen at A, and also as seen at G,which represents a cross-section of the tire and felloe.

The wheel or-felloe is smaller in diameter than the inner diameter ofthe tire, leaving an annular space between the adjacent surfaces, asseen at B and O, which space is filled at points around the wheelby'clastic cushions, as will be presently described. v

The thickness of the felloe corresponds to the thickness of the tire d,from the inner surface of the flangeto the opposite face of the tire,and on the face of the felloe, opposite the flangef, is a ring, g, theouter edge of which projects over the tire", as seen at'A and Q, thisring being fixed to the face of the felloe, either by boing'castthereupon or therewith, so as to form an integral part thereof, or bybeing bolted thereto.

The tire and fclloe are bolted together by a series of bolts, It,passing, some through the felloe and through the tire-flangef, with nutson the face of the flangef, and some-through the felloe and through thering or flange g, with nuts on the outer surface of flange g, as seen atA. Sockets or recesses i are sunk in the circumferential surface of thei'clloe, for reception of these bolts. The shank of the bolt is firstcovered by a tubular elastic sleeve, 7c, the bolt is then dropped intoits socket, 2', and its threaded end is passed through the hole made forit in the flangef, or in the flange g, as seen at A; this hole beinglarge enough to admit of slight radial play of the bolt; The bolts beingall thus inserted, nuts Z are applied to their outer ends, and the headsof the bolts are drawn towards the respective flanges, thus causing thefelloe on both sides to be cushioned by the ends of the elastic tubes.The felloc may be further protected against the lateral swayingtendencies of the tire by an elastic ring or washer, m,interposedbetween the ring or flange g and the adjacent surface of thetire, and also by an elastic ring or washer, at, interposed between theopposite surface of the felloe and the tire-flange f; or holes a may bebored through the felloe, and filledwith rubber or other elasticmaterial, 21, the ends of which project beyond the felloc, and pressagainst the flanges. i

This manner of constructing and connecting the t'elloe and tire, withprovision for relieving the main body of the wheel, andthereby thelocomotive or car supported on such wheels, of the effects of thelateral jolts or jars caused byeontact of the flange e with thetrack-rail, adds materially to the power of endurance in the locomotiveor car, and causes the some to run more easily and smoothly than when nosuch provision is made, or where'the feline and tire are cast in onepiece, and are free from elastic connection.

The bolts k may be so disposed that the outer-surfaces of the elastictubes is, which surround them, project out beyond the periphery of thefelloe, and across the space between the felloe and the tire, the tireand felloe being thus radially and relatively supported bythese elastictuhes,;which yield when they are undermost,

and the feline rests upon them, as will be readily understood.Preferably, howeveneach elastic tube has on its outer surface a shoe,3', interposed between the elastic surface and the surface of the tire;thetire resting directly against this shoe, as shown MB, and thecushions k may be simply p'accd'in sockets in the periphery of thefelloe, independent from the bolts, in which case I prefer to make themsolid instead of tubular. The same result may be attained by employingmetal seat-blocks or caps, 0, resting in sockets p, in thefence-periphery, and against elastic cushions or springs q, the caps 0extending across the space between the tire and periphery, as seen at B,and being pressed outwardly with, whatever pressure is desirable, byradial screws), working in screw-threads cut through the felloe, andagainst blocks 8, upo'n'which the cushions rest; or the cushions q maythemselves project out against the tire-surface.

Each screw 1' may be made tubular, with a bolt extending through it, thehead of which bears upon the surface of the cap 0, while its shank bearsa nut, this screw-bolt holding the cap in position, or allowing it to bedrawn inwards in setting up the wheel, or in taking it to pieces, thenut being loosened, when the wheel has to be put together, to allow thecap to'be pressedout by its screw. I claim, in combination with thefeline c,"the tire d, having a flange, f, projecting over the face ofthe felloe, th'cfelloc and tire being bolted together, ambhaving elasticcushions so disposed as to receive the direct lateral strain upon thefelloe or tire, substantially as described.

I also claiimcombining with the fello e and tire, made relativelymovable, the elastic cushions, la, placed- I recesses in thefence-periphery, and bearing, either directly or through the shoes j,upon the tire, substantially as shown and described. 1

I also claim the elastic cushions or springs q, placed in the sockets19, and resting upon seats 8, with means for forcing out the cushionradially, the eush'i'ons being surfaced by a cap, 0, or hearing directlyagainst the tire, substantially as described.

JOHN RADDIN.

Witnesses;

J. B. CuosBY, Esnucrs GouL'n.

